Search results for "explosive eruptions"
showing 3 items of 3 documents
Short-term occupations at high elevation during the Middle Paleolithic at Kalavan 2 (Republic of Armenia).
2021
The Armenian highlands encompasses rugged and environmentally diverse landscapes and is characterized by a mosaic of distinct ecological niches and large temperature gradients. Strong seasonal fluctuations in resource availability along topographic gradients likely prompted Pleistocene hominin groups to adapt by adjusting their mobility strategies. However, the role that elevated landscapes played in hunter-gatherer settlement systems during the Late Pleistocene (Middle Palaeolithic [MP]) remains poorly understood. At 1640 m above sea level, the MP site of Kalavan 2 (Armenia) is ideally positioned for testing hypotheses involving elevation-dependent seasonal mobility and subsistence strateg…
Petrology and geochemistry of peri-Mediterranean carbonatite magmatism: case studies from Fuerteventura (Canary Islands) and Mt. Vulture volcano (sou…
2023
Carbonatites are rare magmatic rocks of great scientific and economic importance, and carbonatite magmatism is mainly associated with intraplate continental tectonic settings, with some rare occurrences in oceanic contexts. Despite their importance, many aspects of carbonatite petrogenesis and evolution processes remain still poorly constrained. In order to further constrain the mantle source and the storage system of carbonatite magmas, Fuerteventura (Canary Islands) was taken as a representative case study of oceanic carbonatites, while Mt. Vulture (southern Italy) was taken as a representative case study of intra-continental carbonatites, with a two-fold aim: to understand (i) the role o…
Explosive eruptions with little warning: Experimental petrology and volcano monitoring observations from the 2014 eruption of Kelud, Indonesia
2019
Explosive eruptions that occur with little or no precursory unrest (less than a month) pose the greatest hazards from volcanoes to nearby populations. Here we focus on the preeruptive conditions for these explosive events, their triggers and how these eruptions evolve. We concentrate on Kelud volcano, where we have conducted a set of petrological experiments to understand preeruptive storage conditions for several recent eruptions. For the 2014 explosive eruption, we combine this with an analysis of interferometric synthetic aperture radar measured deformation. Our data suggest that both explosive and effusive eruptions at Kelud are sourced from a magma storage system at 2-4 km. However, ex…